Crime And Punishment And The Idiot Analysis - 900 Words

Everyone is the same, only different. People need the same things to survive, such as food, water, shelter, and clothing, so in that sense, everyone is the same. Their differences come from their own unique dispositions and temperaments. Crime and Punishment and The Idiot, two of Dostoevsky’s novels, have two very seemingly similar protagonists, creating an illusion for the readers. When in reality, the characters can be labeled as being near opposites. Through the use of the novels of Crime and Punishment and The Idiot, Dostoevsky creates the protagonists of each novel similarly, but alters their destinies to differentiate them. It seems that Dostoevsky has created a pattern in his novels, as they â€Å"concern themselves with behavioral†¦show more content†¦Alienation occurs to both protagonists of Crime and Punishment and The Idiot. Alienation can be defined as the state or experience of being isolated from a group or an activity. For both Raskolnikov and Myshkin, they are both isolated from society, whether society isolates them or they isolate themselves from society. Raskolnikov isolates himself from society early on in the novel because of his presumptuous mentality and theories. His extraordinary man theory dictates his life and motivates him to commit a murder. In an explanation of his theory to Porfiry Petrovich, the murder investigator, Raskolnikov says: I only believe in my leading idea that men are in general divided by a law of nature into two categories, inferior (ordinary), that is, so to say, material that serves only to reproduce its kind, and men who have the gift or the talent to utter a new word. (Crime 141) He labels those men who have these gifts and talents as extraordinary men and places himself into that category. He believes that he is the best and better than everyone else in the world. After murdering Alyona Ivanovna, something unexplainable happens to Raskolnikov: Something was happening to him entirely new, sudden and unknown. It was not that he understood, but he felt clearly with all the intensity of sensation that he could never more appeal to these people in the police office with sentimental effusions like his recent outburst, or with anything whatever; and that if they had been his ownShow MoreRelatedSce1: Psychological Explanation of the Causes of Crime1502 Words   |  7 PagesPsychological Explanation of the Causes of Crime Psychological-pertaining  to  the  mind  or  to  mental  phenomena  as  the subject  matter  of  psychology. -To account for criminal motivation in people, criminologists have used various psychology theories that attempt to explain human intellectual and emotional development. These theories can be divided into three categories: a. Moral Development Theories describe a sequence of developmental stages that peopleRead MoreThe Legal Ordering Of The Xix1677 Words   |  7 Pagessystem. For Perez grenades and Gimà ©nez-Salinas Colomer prison appears in this period as the great social invention that facilitated the combination of several functions: correcting the culprit, guaranteeing security, isolating the offender and punishment. In terms of the Anglo-Saxons, in 1840 in the prison of Pentonville of England the progressive system was imposed, that combined the cellular system in a first degree in which the prisoner was confined for 18 months, later to be sent to the AustralianRead MoreThe Themes of Dostoyevsky2976 Words   |  12 Pagesliterature. Crime and Punishment concerns a student who murders because he imagines himself to be superior to most people, but who cannot face the enormity of his crime. 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Time was when lynching appeared to be sectional, but now it is national—a blight upon our nation, mocking our laws and disgracing our Christianity. â€Å"With malice toward none but with charity for all† let us undertake the work of making the â€Å"law of the land† effective and supreme upon every foot of American soil—a shield to the innocent; and to the guilty, punishment swift and

Mbnb Free Essays

Sport Obermeyer Ltd. To: Wally Obermeyer From: 341 Consulting Group Date: Re: Production Process Problem Sport Obermeyer Ltd has quite a few problems at the moment that stem from a lack of streamlining of its operations. One of the problems that the skiwear manufacturer currently faces is demand uncertainty and how to measure it considering the disparate forecasts the buying committee members have come up with. We will write a custom essay sample on Mbnb or any similar topic only for you Order Now In addition, the long lead-times for the production process makes forecasting even more difficult. The second issue for Sport Obermeyer is determining how to allocate production between the factories in Hong Kong and China. Conclusion and Recommendation Inaccurate forecasting is a major problem facing Sport Obermeyer, which has been addressed in Appendices A and B. Appendix A shows how much should be produced in Hong Kong given the assumption that there is no limit to the capacity; however, we have been asked to comment only on the initial order quantity, and not the reorder quantity. In keeping with this constraint, and using the forecasts given by all the committee members, we believe that Appendix B is an accurate representation of the amount of each style that should be produced in Hong Kong. It should be noted that this is only a short-term solution to the problem and the model itself must be looked at. For more consistent, accurate forecasts, a weighted average method should be used to give those committee members who have been most accurate in the past more importance, instead of using a simple moving average. As long lead times contribute to the difficulty in forecasting demand, Sport Obermeyer should attempt to reduce lead times for its production. One of the root issues causing the length of lead time is the number of SKUs, as well as the variety of components used in their production. Simplifying the product line would involve stopping production of those products with the least demand, reducing suppliers as well as altering designs so that they share as many of the same components as possible. Using the demand forecast for the 10 women’s parkas in Appendix B, there are three products, which have forecasted demands of less than 357, after which the demand spikes up. By removing the bottommost products, Stephanie, Teri, Isis would be deleted, which would allow for a shorter lead time. Sport Obermeyer should also introduce an integrated computerized system connecting all the different supply chain links. This would help reduce the time spent processing orders and make more efficient use of the raw materials. A combination of actions mentioned above can help make a significant change in the forecasting process and will allow Sport Obermeyer to make full use of its existing capacity. The company plans to source products roughly 50% from China and the other 50% from Hong Kong factories this year is attainable. However, our recommendation is to assign products to Hong Kong and China factories based on quality and design. According to Appendix C, the cost difference when comparing 19 parkas produced at both factories is not significant; but the Hong Kong factory is much more efficient. The products in Hong Kong are of a higher quality, require lower repair rates, and are produced twice as fast as those produced in the Chinese factory. Another advantage to the factory in Hong Kong is the minimum order quantity of 600 units, which provides the management with more flexibility in terms of determining their initial production requests. Lower quality products should be produced in the Chinese factory to take advantage of their low labor costs. Evaluation Criteria The main goal of the recommendations is to streamline Sport Obermeyer’s business processes. One of the most important criteria is the speed of the planning and production cycle. Any alternative that can reduce this time, from its current threshold of approximately two years, should be strongly considered. With regards to market share, Columbia Sportswear is gaining market share by providing lower-priced, higher-volume-per-style products. Sport Obermeyer needs to try and cut costs, and streamline its number of SKUs to achieve market dominance. It positions itself as a middle to high end producer, and the quality level should continue to be taken into consideration when looking to cut costs. Alternatives With regards to the inaccurate forecasts, Obermeyer could analyze the demand for its products based on an advanced showing prior to the one in Vegas and compare it with actual purchases. While this alternative can potentially be implemented, its effectiveness and reliability would be unknown. Simplifying the product lines would have a more direct and immediate impact on the lead times. Another possible alternative would be to start producing the products with the most predictable demand in advance. However, before implementing this change, Sport Obermeyer should focus on making overall accurate demand forecasts based on the newly recommended weighted average method. Implementation. Our implementation process will begin immediately with Wendy Hemphill researching the specifications for an integrated computerized system that match the supply chain structure of the company. Because of the complex nature of such a project, Sport Obermeyer would have to invest in such a project in November 1992, to begin use in February of the year of completion. In January 1993, the Buying Committee should implement the weighted-average forecasting method to analyze product demand. Since this is not a large change form the simple moving average, it should be used to find the forecasted demand for 1993. The following month, the SKUs should be reviewed based on the forecast created to consider which product lines to drop. This will be a gradual process, beginning with the deletion of a minimum number of products. In May 1993, the Buying Committee should allocate different product styles between Hong Kong and China based on quality. This can be seen in Appendix D. How to cite Mbnb, Papers

Contemporary Hotel Marketing for MICE Tourism-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theContemporary Hotel Marketing for MICE Tourism. Answer: Introduction Research Background MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Convention and Exhibition) are the kind of tourism industry/market that is large as well as fast growing in nature (Khan, 2015). Tourism is defined as the different kind of activities of individuals travelling as well as staying in different places that are outside the usual kind of environment for a consecutive year for both business as well as leisure purposes. There are different kinds of tourism and MICE are one such kind of tourism that is termed as the business tourism as well (Jurowski, 2015). Research Objectives To understand situations of the MICE tourism To analyze the different potentials along with the challenges for the further improvements in different countries To understand as well as analyze the major stakeholders of MICE tourism Problem statement MICE Tourism market is facing problems in coping up with the different changes in the technological field. MICE market has to formulate few strategies as this will help them in coping up with the technological advancements in the competitive market as well. Research aim The aim of the study is to analyse the different kinds of perceptions of the different meeting planners as well as the challenges along with benefits of planning as well as level of support in the tourism industry. This will help in understanding the relationship of the dependent variables of the perceptions along with the support level between the different variables that are independent in nature. The secondary purpose is to determine the relationship between the type of planned meeting as well as support of the planner for proper tourism meets in different meetings. Research questions/hypothesis How MICE tourism has developed until now in different cities in Australia? What are the present situations of MICE tourism in each city of Australia? Who are the main stakeholders of MICE tourism as the suppliers in Australia? What are the different kinds of challenges as well as potentials of the MICE tourism in each city of Australia? Literature Review The particular chapter contains a proper review of the literature in the different areas such as MICE tourism in the hotel industry. According to Kuznetsova Silcheva, (2014), the proper growth of the tourism management has been spectacular as the different destinations have realized the proper potential of the different events in order to raise the profile in the ever competing global tourism industry (ZHANG CHU, 2016). According to Sumithra Mishra, (2016), tourism is defined as the different terms in the different activities that are selected by the own choice and these are undertaken outside the house environment. There are different kinds of tourism that are properly enjoyed throughout the entire world that is from sun as well as sand tourism along with cultural as well as heritage tourism. These are the different kinds of tourism that had been impacted by various changes in the entire economy (Singh Parkash, 2016). According to Whitfield et al., (2014), tourism is not only industry but it helps in contributing to different range of other as well as different activities. Tourism is the kind of activity that helps in engaging numerous individuals who like travelling. Tourism is the phenomenon that has huge impact on the investigation due to the impact socially as well as economically to different region or country. Furthermore there are different kinds of tourism that remain under proper investigation that included different meetings, expositions, and incentives as well as conventions tourism (MICE). Analysis of problems of MICE tourism in Australia MICE tourism has a specific problem that has been noticed regarding the lack of the technological advancements in the competitive market. Proper analysis has to be done in order to understand the proper requirements that are essential for MICE tourism. Proper development of the evaluation plan has to be done in order to understand the issues that are faced in order to make appropriate changes as this will help in reducing the changes in the MICE tourism (Gupta, 2017). Methodology The in depth interviews has been taken with the local government as well as with the managers of the different organizations as well. This was the secondary research method that has been applied as this helped in understanding the entire concept of MICE tourism in the world. The online survey form was distributed among the different managers as well as the other authorities in the government along with 40 questions that were categorized in the different sections as well. Findings Therefore, it can be analyzed that lack of proper understanding regarding the different processes that are involved in the conducting of the formal meetings as well as evaluations as the proper value of the development of the quality procedure of evaluation technique. There are different techniques to use the result properly of the entire research study. The findings will help in proper development of the mechanisms in order to properly overcome the stated constraints in the MICE tourism as well as the activity practices of evaluation. Limitations The study has few limitations that include the different range of activities that has been interpreted by the respondents in order to construct evaluation program properly. This has huge impact on the reduced level of the entire validity that concerns the entire measurement of the formalized process of evaluation. Conclusion Therefore, it can BE inferred that MICE tourism has huge potential in the development of the destination in different cities in Australia. The MICE tourism helped in enhancing the tourism industry by different techniques of coping with the proper advancement in technology. The proper development as well as evaluation of the different programs helped in enhancing the change management. It can be recommended that there can be different requirement of changes that is essential in adopting proper defensible program practices of the evaluation technique. This will help in facilitating proper evaluation techniques in order to make the MICE program more effective as well as efficient inn nature in the tourism as well as hotel industry. References Gupta, A. (2017). Tourism an Emerging Milestone in Sustaining the Economy.Journal of Social Sciences Multidisciplinary Management Studies,1(1), 19-23. Jurowski, C. (2015). Tourism in China: destinations, planning and experiences (aspects of tourism). Khan, M. A. (2015). MICE tourism.International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development,2(4), 299-304. Kuznetsova, O. I., Silcheva, L. V. L. (2014). Modern mice-tourism: its organization and practical experience of the offsite seminar activity.World Applied Sciences Journal,30(MCTT)), 64-65. Singh, J., Parkash, R. (2016). MICE Tourism in India: Challenges and Opportunities!.International Journal of Research and Engineering,3(9). Sumithra, D., Mishra, J. M. (2016). EFFICACY OF MICE TOURISM INDUSTRY AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AS AN INTEGRATED APPROACH.International Journal of Management Research and Reviews,6(7), 894. Whitfield, J., Dioko, L. D. A., Webber, D., Zhang, L. (2014). Attracting convention and exhibition attendance to complex MICE venues: Emerging data from Macao.International Journal of Tourism Research,16(2), 169-179. ZHANG, Q., CHU, D. (2016). The status of MICE tourism studies in China during the past 15 years.Tourism Research,3, 011.

Psychological Disorders and Behaviors

Various psychological disorders and behaviors such splitting, stalking, Multiple personality disorder and serial sexual killing have been identified. People with psychological disorders and behaviors exhibit various characteristics that show they have a problem. The focus of this paper will be on splitting, multiple personality disorders, free will and finally whether human beings are wired for trouble.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Psychological Disorders and Behaviors specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Splitting refers to a mechanism in which a person is imbued with good and bad characteristics. The good and the bad exist simultaneously in a person albeit separately stored from each other. The two sides coexist simultaneously as they fail to integrate into one hence split (Savvopoulos, Manolopoulos, Beratis, 2011). The splitting occurs in individuals because of borderline. Borderline is the notion of a thin li ne that every individual possesses, and it stands between two sides that is relative normality and abnormality and leads to failure of telling the difference between fantasy and reality. A person who fails to differentiate between reality and fantasy suffers from borderline personality stalker. Such individuals have two extreme sides due to intense personal relationships, and they can cross from one of devaluation to over idealization in a heartbeat. Individuals who mostly stalk celebrities have borderline stalker personalities (Simon, 2008). Persons with splitting not only fail to integrate the bad and the good in other people, especially the ones idealized, but also fail to integrate with their own self-image hence they split it. A person without borderline personality stalker can integrate the good and bad in self and others and create a realistic whole those with cannot. They are emotionally unstable and hence impulsive that means they can shift their moods quickly and the mood change can last for a number of hours or even days. Depression makes the borderline personality stalker worse as it makes the individuals magnify their feelings and go out control. For example, criticism can make an individual vent out anger toward a person and even harm them. Other things that trigger the condition are rejection, lack of self-image and the individuals stalk celebrities in an attempt to gain self worth (Simon, 2008).Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The personalities are usually difficult in treating because the borderline patients keep crossing from one side to another for instance, they may revere their therapists and in other, they hate them if they think they have been provoked. Moreover, the patients do not even know about the contrasting feelings they experience for the same person hence the difficulty in treatment due to splitting (Simon, 2008). The other psych ological disorder is Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD) that occurs in persons who have two or more personalities that are fully developed. In other cases some personalities may be fragments however each personality is unique for instance with different behaviors and memories. Some personalities are aware of the presence of the others but others may not know of the existence of the others. MPD develops from severe child abuse and psychiatrists urge that most of the patients experience the abuse during their sixth and seventh year of their lives. The young abused children develop psychological mechanism of dealing with the traumatic experiences they go through in the hands of their abusive parents. The psychological method of dealing with the pain results into multiple personalities (Simon, 2008). Abuse during childhood causes MPD as explained in the following paragraph A child who experiences severe abuse in the hands of their parent(s) is often unable to assimilate the action of t he loving parent to that of the abuser that inflicts pain. The child is helpless and cannot escape from the abusive parent or caretaker physically and hence a mind warp occurs. The mind warp means that the, â€Å"young child tends to view self and others in all-or-nothing, good-and-bad terms† (Simon, 2008, p.146). A person with MPD has two types of personalities that is destructive and protective personalities. The destructive personalities often harbor anger or guilt that may be directed at the primary personality. The destructive personality may unleash violence when it takes control. The destructive personalities develop because of the pain experienced as a child and they duplicate the abuse experienced during childhood. For instance, a person who was sexually abused as a child may grow up, become a pedophile, and hurt other children. Other patients may create an environment that enables other men to hurt their own children, neighbors or family friends among others. It is important to note that not all victims of abuse become abusers as adults as statistics show that about 70 t0 90% of the victims of abuse do not become abusers. The cycle of abuse perpetuates because children imitate their parents hence they become abusive like their parents.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Psychological Disorders and Behaviors specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The abused children come to accept the abuse, and blame themselves for their parents’ behavior towards them. Some children developed MPD to deal with the abuse but others do not but may develop destructive lifestyles, physical problems and depression among others (Simon, 2008). Neuroscience confirms that human beings lack total free will. The free will enables an individual to make choices on how to act, and one without a free will cannot control their actions. The notion of lack of total free will is controversial because some peopl e urge that if human beings do not have free will cannot blame people for their destructive actions or praise those who do well. If free-will lacks there can be neither legal culpability nor moral responsibility (Gardar, 2011). The notion of lack of free will would influence many sectors of our live such as the economy and the justice system greatly. For instance, people are punished in the justice system to deter future occurrences of bad behavior and to give justice to those harmed however; the justice system does not punish people who are considered crazy because they are assumed to have acted destructively due to a force beyond them. Therefore, punishing people who have no free will would be similar to punishing crazy people. Some neuroscientists urge that some people make bad choices because they have a faulty brain and neural activity. The neural may develop defects due to traumatic experiences during childhood, injury to the head, genetic defects and substance abuse among oth ers. Such individuals are prone to make bad choices (Simon, 2008). Free will helps one to choose how to act in a situation or behave toward other people. Neuroscientists of the opinion that free will is an allusion urge that a human being is not capable of controlling their impulsive behaviors. They unable to do so because they cannot make a choice between right and wrong and sometimes the impulses are so intense that they cannot control them even if they tried. Some struggle to overcome their destructive impulses but fail and end up acting them out. The topic of free will remains controversial as it is not easy to prove that a person did not have the power to control their actions especially when mental illnesses has not been detected. Moreover, some serial killers plan their murders and them cover-up so well and it is difficult to determine whether they know if their actions are morally wrong (Simon, 2008). Each human being has an innate seed of evil. However, the difference betwe en good men and bad men is good men can control their evil impulses even though not perfectly and the bad men act on them as Simon puts it â€Å"bad men do what good men dream† (Simon, 2008 p. 143). People who can control their evil impulses are emotionally healthy whereas the bad men are psychologically dysfunctional.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The psychologically dysfunctional people cannot separate themselves from other people and depend on them completely such that they cannot draw a line between themselves and others. On the other hand, psychologically functional people accept themselves and do not depend on others for approval. The healthy people accept both their strengths and weaknesses but the unhealthy people will seek to destroy other people to experience self-worth albeit for short period until they commit their next destructive act. Some studies show that human fate lies in our genes. For a long time it was thought that a person’s fate lay with the stars but the genes play a big role in a person’s life and their character. The brain is unique in very human being and reacts differently to the surrounding and relationships formed throughout life. Some people can integrate well in their environment and become good men and women but others fail to do so and become bad men who act on their evil impulse s making them psychopaths. As mentioned before every human being has a dark or evil side in their personality that is shaped by the environment, family, parents and the world. Unfortunately, some people are wired for trouble due to the composition of their genes. Luckily, most people are able to become good people and keep their evil impulses in check and life. That is why there are few serial killers despite the high number of abused children because many such children do not become abusers (Simon, 2008). Finally, our justice system should put concerted efforts in rehabilitation of people with psychological and disorders and behaviors who commit unspeakable acts that a psychologically human being would normally not commit. The four chapters in the book Bad me do what good men only dream, show that the justice system has not been very effective in dealing with the problem by punishing bad men as some who have been released from incarceration went back to their evil ways and did comm itted more killings. The punishment received did not deter them because the problem is often beyond their control hence they need rehabilitation and in some cases to be kept in the rehabilitation centers for good because some cannot control the urge to kill if set free. More resources should be devoted to study psychological disorders and behaviors as it is not a well-known subject and remains controversial. There is potential of reducing the number of people who die in the hands of people who have mental problems if only the right action is taken early. The justice system should take victim’s complaints of stalking seriously and accord them the necessary protection before they lose their lives in the hands of killers who will stop at nothing until they have accomplished their selfish ends. Moreover, the justice system should come up with stiff punishment for parents and caregivers who expose children to abuse as in so doing they create potential monsters who will one day unl eash violence on innocent victims. A healthy childhood it appears would solve a lot of problems that children develop later in life as they would not need to develop spilt personalities to cope with the pain they experience in the hands of their abusers because some of the split personalities developed become destructive and chilling crimes are committed. Prevention is better than cure is clichà © but rehabilitation would be better than awaiting to punish wrong doers that might not even recognize their wrongs. Enable people to contain their inner demons instead of waiting until the come out, and harm innocent people. Reference List Gardar, A. (2011). Neuroscience, free will and moral responsibility. Trames, 15 (2), 147-155. Savvopoulos, S. Manolopoulos, S. Beratis, S. (2011). Repression and splitting in the psychoanalytic. The International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 92, 75-96. Simon, R. (2008). Bad men do what good men dream. Washington, DC, London: American psychiatric Publishin g, Inc. This essay on Psychological Disorders and Behaviors was written and submitted by user Runaways to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

10 Informative Essay Topics on Redistricting

10 Informative Essay Topics on Redistricting In this informative and helpful article, we are going to be talking about some of the most interesting facts about redistricting. Reading these facts and figures will help you write an informative essay which in turn will help you score a better grade. In USA, redistricting is generally known as establishing boundaries for the purpose of electoral districts. Here are our ten facts about redistricting: Just after a census is taken, redistricting is performed after every ten years. According to the US constitution, it is mandatory that the number of people voting for a single representative be equal throughout the states. In a more technical term, every representative in congress should represent an equal number of citizens. Number of citizens apportioned to each state is defined by the general census. During the Baker v. Carr trial, the supreme court looked into the constitution and due to this, redistricting was strengthened greatly. The case led to the people having a right that their votes are counted equally during the election process. Generally known as the â€Å"1-Person equals 1-Vote† doctrine, Baker v. Carr set precedence for future cases as it is now a requirement for states to produce accurate and exact number of population changes after the census. Redistricting nowadays has been refined to the point where legislatures in congressional redistricting must be done with absolute accuracy and there is no tolerance for deviation. Geographical contiguity is a very important factor in legislative redistricting. Every electoral representative who wants to be elected from a single member district must work in accordance with the equal population requirement. If the number of house seats in a state is more than one, then according to the federal law, state legislatures will be responsible to divide the total population into further districts. Each district will have their own elected representative. The uniform state provision is that the federal law makes sure that populations dispersed geographically aren’t connected with bias. Graphical contiguity mandate enforces a limit towards how districts are drawn. There is such a thing called Partisan gerrymandering, in which the political party which is currently in control of creating district borders draws the lines in a way that it favors them and not the opposing party. Basically, this is an unethical trick to limit your oppositions campaigning opportunities. Incumbent protection gerrymandering, also known as â€Å"bipartisan gerrymandering†, happens when the people in-charge of drawing the district lines assure that each political party maintains their control on each of the district where they are already dominant. This ensures that the division of the state is done in a way that it upholds partisan status quo. When the time of redistricting came in California, just after the 2000 census, there was a scuffle between democrats and republicans. At that time the state democrats were in control of the governors mansion and the state legislature. California law permits the party in control to oversee the redistricting process for state legislature and the state congressional delegation. The republicans replied by threatening to accelerate the balloting which left the entire redistricting process to an uncertain vote. They also threatened litigation that pushed the matter into court and thus lead into the state supreme court, which already had six republicans and one democratic appointee, to redistrict. This led to a truce and had created an example of how effective and democratic the process of redistricting can become, even during a fight. Redistricting has been used to eliminate incumbent as well. Just like the democrats were in control of the redistricting in California, the republicans were in control of the redistricting in Virginia. Democratic minority leader Richard Cranwell was targeted by the republicans which made him draw district lines through his neighborhood and put his house into the district of his friend and colleague Chip Woodrum. This led not only to an ethical dilemma for Richard Cranwell, because Woodrum was his friend, but also to an impossible winning situation because the resulting district after redistricting was dominated by Woodrum support. Hence he opted to not run for reelection in 2001. Redistricting has been known to achieve the dilution of minority votes as well. In 2003, Texas legislature drew district lines and the process itself was fought upon severely. Democratic state legislatures which were in minority left and went to Oklahoma and New Mexico in order to prevent state legislatures meetings. In return, Tom DeLay, at that time federal house majority leader, had created an issue with the opposition for using FAA to track their planes. The congressional redistricting plan transferred over a hundred thousand Latino voters from district 23 to 25, this was to protect one incumbent. This act of minority vote dilution was done because that particular incumbent lost all support from Latinos ever since 96’. This was resolved in the supreme court and Texas district 23 was redistricted and fairly divided. Redistricting often leads to closely knit communities being split. In the racial unrest of 92’, Los Angeles had suffered huge damage losses which amounts up to a billion dollars. Majority of that damage was sustained by the small businesses of Korean and Asian communities. When the communities collectively took the matter of cleanup and recovery to their local officials, they were told that the area was in another district. Turns out that the redistricting had split the Korean town. The one-mile area was appallingly divided into four city council and five state assembly districts. This was a classic example of small communities suffering at the hand of redistricting. A total of 22 states, at times, give the authority of redistricting to â€Å"Commissions† which is entity separate from legislatures. These commissions are different in every state but in all situations the legislatures have a say. A total of four states use â€Å"Advisory Commission†, which advise the legislatures because they have the final say, to help with the redistricting process. Five states use â€Å"Backup Commission† and their method of using them vary. Whenever there is conflict in agreement between legislatures on redistricting process, these backup commissions are supposed to step in. Seven states use â€Å"Politician Commissions† in which legislators or elected officials sit and the legislature isn’t involved in the final say. And last but not least, six states use â€Å"Independent Commissions† to perform their redistricting process. So there you have it. We have presented you with ten very informative facts that will assist you in writing essays about redistricting in USA. Next we have twenty topics and our informative essay guide with which you can choose and write a superb paper on redistricting. References: Jim Sanders, Precursor to Prop. 77 â€Å"Orchestrated Well,† Sacramento Bee, Oct. 19, 2005, at A3; Democrats Might Gain Only 1 House Seat in Redistricting, Ventura County Star, Aug. 15, 2001. Hanh Quach Dena Bunis, All Bow to Redistrict Architect, Orange County Register, Aug. 26, 2001. The â€Å"hand,† at the eastern end of current district 11, excised a portion of what had been Cranwell’s district 14. Lindsey Nair, Redistricting Effectively Moves Cranwell, Roanoke Times, Apr. 24, 2001. See Ill. State Board of Elections, Search Vote Totals, at elections.il.gov/electioninformation/GetVoteTotals.aspx Pamela S. Karlan, The Fire Next Time: Reapportionment After the 2000 Census, 50 STAN. L. REV. 731, 733 (1998) (citing Johnson v. De Grandy, 512 U.S. 997, 1020 (1994)) Baker v. Carr, 369 U.S. 186, 199 (1962) Albert Bergesen Max Herman, Immigration, Race, and Riot: The 1992 Los Angeles Uprising, 63 Am. Soc. Rev. 39 (1998)

Enthalpy Change Definition in Science

Enthalpy Change Definition in Science An enthalpy change is approximately equal to the difference between the energy used to break bonds in a chemical reaction and the energy gained by the formation of new chemical bonds in the reaction. It describes the energy change of a system at constant pressure. Enthalpy change is denoted by ΔH. At constant pressure, ΔH equals the internal energy of the system added to the pressure-volume work done by the system on its surroundings. Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions For an endothermic reaction, ΔH is a positive value. For an exothermic reaction, ΔH has a negative value. This is because heat (thermal energy) is absorbed by the endothermic reaction, while it is released by the exothermic reaction. Enthalpy Change Versus Entropy Enthalpy change and entropy are related concepts. Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system. In an exothermic reaction, the entropy of the surroundings increases. As heat is evolved, the energy imparted to the system increases disorder. In an endothermic reaction, the external entropy decreases. As heat is absorbed by a process or reaction, the kinetic energy of molecules in the surroundings decreases, which tends to reduce reduce disorder.

Does Machiavelli argue that people are we born either good or bad, or Essay

Does Machiavelli argue that people are we born either good or bad, or does he argue that a persons environment and experiences create his or her character - Essay Example The book is overall intended to be a guide for success for potential and acting leaders. Machiavelli is direct, to the point, and wastes little time on debating the morality and virtue of the judgments that a leader must be prepared to make, and, then, having made those judgment, must in fact act without hesitation. â€Å"A prince should have no other aim or thought, nor take up any other thing for his study, but war and its organization and discipline; for that is the only that is necessary to one who commands, and it is of such virtue that it not only maintains those who are born princes, but often enables men of private fortune to attain that rank (p. 421).† In this instruction, Machiavelli is offering the leader or potential leader – since he specifically says that following this advice can help a common man rise to the status of a prince – that in order to be a successful leader over the government, the armies that are governed, and the people, then a leader must be consistent and persistent in his study of the art of the war, because it is only a prince who is authorized to bring on and pursue war. What this specific instruction reveals about Machiavelli’s perceptions on human nature is that a leader must make a study of the art of war. That the leader must make a study of the art of war, is indicative that Machiavelli does not believe that the art of war, which some people may perceive as evil, comes natural to a leader or to a man. If Machiavelli believed that human nature was innately evil, he would not offer advice on studying the art of war because he would have concluded that the art of war was an art that would preoccupy the evil mind. In other words, that the art of war is destructive, deadly, and therefore warring would be a proclivity of a leader, who would therefore need no such instruction.

Theoretical concepts of accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Theoretical concepts of accounting - Essay Example Proponents of free market approach have also supported a wait and see approach in relation to economic and financial changes taking place all over the world. In fact, the free market proponents reject the idea of intervention by governments for the sake of adjusting the distracted economy, and have based their arguments on the claim that demand and supply forces interact to ultimately bring stability in the distracted economic conditions (Deegan and Unerman; Rankin, Stanton and McGowan). However, malpractices of those charged with the governance and misuse of authority often overrun the expected balances to be attained in a free market model through demand and supply interaction (Deegan and Unerman; Rankin, Stanton and McGowan). One of the most relevant and quotable example in this regard can be of the Enron Scandal, which obviously had nothing to do with the free market model and demand and supply forces, but government intervention to safeguard the interests of general public throu gh Sarbanes Oxley Act (SOX) was deemed appropriate (Deegan and Unerman; Rankin, Stanton and McGowan).... , under free market approach, shall be opted to enhance the role of market forces and when needed, government intervention, whether in the form of accounting regulations or other regulatory frameworks shall be introduced to ensure that no deviation from the objective of benefiting society and corporate entities takes place (Deegan and Unerman; Rankin, Stanton and McGowan). Certainly, after the recent experiences of financial crisis and the increasing debate regarding the lack of ethical practices towards corporate governance and corporate social responsibility, the need to bring regulatory measures have been felt as never before (Deegan and Unerman; Rankin, Stanton and McGowan). Before going into the details of differences between the assumptions underlying the capital market research and behavioural research, it is pertinent to understand what capital market research and behavioural research implies (Deegan and Unerman; Rankin, Stanton and McGowan). The capital market research evalu ates the overall impact of financial reporting on investors only; whereas behavioural research takes into consideration the responses towards financial reporting by separate individuals, which is reflected by the decisions made by different users of financial statements. The assumptions for each of the research type are based on the nature of these researches (Deegan and Unerman; Rankin, Stanton and McGowan). As for instance, under capital market research it is assumed that investors are the most important stakeholders who take into consideration the financial reporting by business entities to base their decisions upon them. On the other hand, the assumptions used under behavioural research are entirely contrasting to the capital market research, as it is assumed that every stakeholder,

Chicago-style pizza Essay Example for Free

Chicago-style pizza Essay Pizza Hut (corporately known as Pizza Hut, Inc. ) is an American restaurant chain and international franchise that offers different styles of pizza along with side dishes including salad, pasta, buffalo wings, breadsticks, and garlic bread. Pizza Hut is a subsidiary of Yum! Brands, Inc. , the worlds largest restaurant company. [2] As of 2012, there were more than 6,000 Pizza Hut restaurants in the United States, and more than 5,139 store locations in 94 other countries and territories around the world. Concept and format. Pizza Hut is split into several different restaurant formats; the original family-style dine-in locations; store front delivery and carry-out locations; and hybrid locations that offer carry-out, delivery, and dine-in options. Many full-size Pizza Hut locations offer lunch buffet, with all-you-can-eat pizza, salad, bread sticks, and a special pasta. Additionally, Pizza Hut also has a number of other business concepts that are different from the store type; Pizza Hut Bistro locations are Red Roofs which offer an expanded menu and slightly more upscale options. Pizza Hut Express and The Hut locations are fast food restaurants. They offer a limited menu with many products not found at traditional Pizza Huts. These type of stores are often paired in a colocated location with a sibling brand such as WingStreet, KFC or Taco Bell, and are also found on college campuses, food courts, theme parks, and in stores such as Target and Walmart. Vintage Red Roof locations can be found throughout the United States, and quite a few exist in the UK and Australia, and Mexico. Even so, many such locations offer delivery/carryout service. This building style was common in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The name Red Roof is somewhat anachronistic now, since many locations have brown roofs. Dozens of Red Roofs have closed or been relocated/rebuilt. Many Red Roof branches have beer if not a full bar, music from a jukebox, and sometimes an arcade. In the mid 1980s, the company moved into other successful formats including delivery/carryout and the fast food Express model. The oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut in the world is in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University. Products In North America, Pizza Hut sells Stuffed crust pizza, with the outermost edge wrapped around a cylinder of mozzarella cheese; Hand-Tossed, more like traditional pizzeria crusts; Thin N Crispy, a thin, crisp dough which was Pizza Huts original style; Dippin Strips pizza, a pizza cut into small strips that can be dipped into a number of sauces; and The Edge pizza, where the toppings nearly reach to the edge of the pizza. There was also formerly a crust that was not as thick as Pizza Huts pan pizza, and not as thin as its thin crust. This crust was used on the Full House XL pizza and discontinued in 2007. There are regional differences in the products and bases sold. [4] Pizza Hut experiments with new products frequently, with less successful ones being discontinued. These include the initially popular two-foot by one-foot square cut pizza Bigfoot, the 16 Big New Yorker, made with a sweet sauce, the Chicago Dish Pizza and Sicilian pizza, the latter also offered in 2006 as Lasagna Pizza. Other products Pizza Hut has offered are the Pzone, which is Pizza Huts version of the calzone; the Cheesy Bites pizza, similar to the Stuffed Crust pizza except the crust has been divided into 28 bite-sized pieces that can be pulled apart; and the Insider pizza, where a layer of cheese is in between two layers of dough. Another limited time offer was a Double Deep pizza with double the toppings and 50% more cheese, with the crust wrapped over the top to hold in all the toppings. In 1985 Pizza Hut introduced the Priazzo,[5] a two-crusted Italian pie that resembled a deep-dish pizza. Varieties included Priazzo Milano, a blend of Italian sausage, pepperoni, beef, pork fillings, a hint of bacon, mozzarella and cheddar cheese; Priazzo Florentine, a light blend of five cheeses with ham and a touch of spinach, and Priazzo Roma, stuffed with pepperoni, mushrooms, Italian sausage, pork filling, onions, mozzarella and cheddar cheese. The double-crusted pie was topped with a layer of tomato sauce and melted cheese. The Priazzo was introduced by a $15 million advertising campaign, but proved too labor-intensive and was removed from the menu several years later. Depending on the individual restaurant size, Pizza Huts also may offer pasta dinners such as spaghetti and Cavatini – a mixture of Cavatelli (shells), Rotini (spirals), and Rotelle (wheels). Pizza Hut Bistro concept location located in Indianapolis. A new, upscale concept was unveiled in 2004, called Pizza Hut Italian Bistro. Unveiled at fifty locations nationwide, the Bistro is similar to a traditional Pizza Hut, except that new, Italian themed dishes are offered, such as penne pasta, chicken pomodoro, toasted sandwiches and other foods. [6] Instead of black, white, and red, Bistro locations feature a burgundy and tan motif. [7] Pizza Hut Bistros still serve the chains traditional pizzas and sides as well. In some cases, Pizza Hut has replaced a Red Roof location with the new concept. Pizza Hut on May 9, 2008, created and sold in Seattle, Denver, and Dallas, The Natural, featuring organic ingredients. This was discontinued on October 27, 2009 in the Dallas market. [8] It has since launched a nationwide advertising campaign. Also in 2008, Pizza Hut created their biggest pizza ever, the Panormous Pizza. A small Pizza Hut offering takeaway and delivery only in Bramley, Leeds, UK. Pizza Hut introduced stuffed pan pizza on August 23, 2009. Unlike a regular stuffed crust pizza, cheese is not inside the crust, just pressed into the pan crust. Pizza Hut introduced the Big Italy, a pizza that is almost two feet long on August 22, 2010. In 2010, Pizza Hut came under fire when its supplier of palm oil, Sinar Mas, was exposed to be illegally slashing and burning the Paradise Forests of Indonesia to plant palm oil plantations. [9] Due to its previous ownership by PepsiCo, Pizza Hut, as with all Yum! Brands concepts, have a lifetime contract to sell Pepsi products. While Pizza Hut was owned by Pepsi, all three of Pizza Huts major competitorsDominos Pizza, Papa Johns Pizza, and Little Caesarsall sold Coca-Cola products. However, since Pepsis divestment of its restaurant business, both Papa Johns (in 2012)[10] and Little Caesars (in 2007)[11] later switched to Pepsi products themselves. In 2012, Pizza Hut released its own brand of perfume. [12] Advertising Pizza Huts very first ad was Putt Putt to the Pizza Hut. It starts with a man apparently ordering take-out and driving his 1965 Mustang JR to Pizza Hut, while some of the townspeople start chasing him. He picks up his pizza and goes to his house, when all of the people who were chasing him start eating all the pizza except the man who ordered it. Frustrated, he calls Pizza Hut again. Until early 2007, Pizza Huts main advertising slogan was Gather round the good stuff, and was Now Youre Eating! from 2008 to 2009. From 2009 to 2012, the advertising slogan was Your Favorites. Your Pizza Hut. The advertising slogan is currently Make it great, an updated version of the original Makin it great slogan that was used from 1987 to 1993. Pizza Hut does not have an official international mascot, but at one time, there were commercials in the United States called The Pizza Head Show. These commercials ran from 1993 to 1997 and were based loosely on the Mr. Bill shorts from Saturday Night Live in the 1970s. The ads featured a slice of pizza with a face made out of toppings called Pizza Head. In the 1970s Pizza Hut used the signature red roof with a jolly man named Pizza Hut Pete. Pete was on the bags, cups, balloons and hand puppets for the kids. In Australia during the Mid to late 1990s, the advertising mascot was a delivery boy named Dougie, with boyish good looks who, upon delivering pizza to his father, would hear the catchphrase Heres a tip: be good to your mother. Adding to the impact of these advertisements, the role of Dougie was played by famous Australian soap opera and police drama actor Diarmid Heidenreich. Pizza Hut sponsored the 1989 film Back to the Future Part II, and offered a free pair of futuristic sunglasses, known as Solar Shades, with the purchase of Pizza Hut pizza. Pizza Hut also engaged in product placement within the film itself, having a futuristic version of their logo with their trademarked red hut printed on the side of a mylar dehydrated pizza wrapper in the McFly family dinner scene, and appear on a storefront in Hill Valley in the year 2015. [13] The 1990 NES game Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles II: The Arcade Game, came with a coupon for a free pizza. The game was filled with Pizza Hut advertising (the first ever console video game with product placement) and pizza that would refill the characters life. In 1994, Donald Trump and ex-wife Ivana Trump starred in a commercial. The ending of the commercial showed Ivana Trump asking for the last slice, to which Donald replied, Actually dear, youre only entitled to half, a play on the couples recent divorce. In 1995, Ringo Starr starred in a Pizza Hut commercial which also featured The Monkees. Rush Limbaugh also starred in a Pizza Hut commercial the same year, where he boasts that nobody is more right than me, yet he states that for the first time he will do something wrong, which was to participate in Pizza Huts then eating pizza crust first campaign regarding their stuffed crust pizzas. Talk show host Jonathan Ross, co-starred in an ad with American model, Caprice Bourret. They were used to advertise the stuffed crust pizza, with Jonathan Ross saying Stuffed Cwust, to which is a play on Jonathans pronunciation of Rs. Another UK ad shows British Formula One driver Damon Hill visit a Pizza Hut restaurant and order a pizza, with famous F1 commentator Murray Walker visiting with him, and narrating as though it was a Formula One race. As Hill is about to finish his meal, Walker, in a play on Hills 1994 1995 seasons where he was runner up in the Formula One World Championship both won by Michael Schumacher, shouts And Hill finishes second, again! at which Hill grabs Walker by his shirt and shakes him angrily, Walker proclaiming, in his usual tones, Hes lost it! Hes out of control! Following Englands defeat to Germany on penalties in the semi-finals of Euro 96, Gareth Southgate, Stuart Pearce and Chris Waddle featured in an advert. The advert shows Southgate wearing a paper bag over his head in shame as he was the one, who missed the crucial penalty against the Germans. Waddle and Pearce, who both missed penalty kicks in Italia 90 are ridiculing him, emphasising the word miss at every opportunity. After Southgate finishes his pizza he takes off his paper bag, heads for the door and bangs his head against the wall. Pearce responds with, this time hes hit the post. In 1997, former Soviet Union Premier Mikhail Gorbachev starred in a Pizza Hut commercial to raise money for the Perestroyka Archives. In recent years, Pizza Hut has had various celebrity spokespeople, including Jessica Simpson, the Muppets, and Damon Hill and Murray Walker. Recent commercials have Queen Latifah providing the voiceover. Also in 1997, Pizza Hut, reunited greatest of all time boxer Muhammad Ali with trainer Angelo Dundee in a sentimental made for Super Bowl commercial. In 1999, the game Crazy Taxi for Sega Dreamcast featured Pizza Hut as one of the locations that players were able to drive to and drop off customers. However, in the 2010 re-release of the game for Xbox Live and PlayStation Network, all of the product placement, including the Pizza Hut locations were removed. [14] Pizza Hut sponsored the first space pizza delivery in 2001 to the International Space Station (ISS), and paid for their logo to appear on a Russian Proton rocket in 2000, which launched the Russian Zvezda module. [15] January 2003 saw Pizza Huts Adverts Slogan Called Eat. Laugh. Share. the Commercials are Created By Head Gear Animation as of January 2007 the New Commercial we called The 4 For All At The End of the Excitement Commercial. Hew Open and Closes the Pizza Hut Box to reveal an Underwater while saying ? Se puede tener un Pizza Pan The Subtitles with the words Can you Have a Pan Pizza in it Early 2007 saw Pizza Hut move into several more interactive ways of marketing to the consumer. Utilizing mobile phone SMS technology and their MyHut ordering site, they aired several television commercials (commencing just before the Super Bowl) containing hidden words that viewers could type into their phones to receive coupons. Other innovative efforts included their MySpace Ted campaign, which took advantage of the popularity of social networking, and the burgeoning user-submission marketing movement via their Vice President of Pizza contest. As of October 2009, Pizza Hut is advertising its WingStreet brand on a nationwide basis, having met its internal requirement of 80% of stores having the product available.

The Fall Of Satan :: essays research papers

The Arch-Fiend   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Arch-Fiend, in 'The fall of Satan'; by John Milton, is a minded firm person who gets his word across to others. His stubborn attitude and arrogance shows that he is the strongest and smartest. The pride that made him believe he 'equaled the Most High,'; meaning he felt equal to God. The story, describes Satan's appearance, his action, his words, and his effect on others.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the story Milton describes Satan in many different manner. He first talks about him as a form of a snake, tempting 'our grand parents'; to eat the forbidden fruit in the Garden of Eden. Milton also shows Satan's appearance as a beast. Pretty much you can see how his appearance and personality are quite related. Milton gives us a vivid description of Satan. That he has eyes that sparking blaze, monstrous size. This describes to us how Satan looks now, but before Satan was an Angel. He is not the same being that he was before.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Satan's actions also are shown on Milton's writings. It starts out as early as the beginning of the earth. When Satan attracted Adam and Eve to eat the forbidden fruit. In his speech to Beelzebub he said that ' good will never be their task, but ever to do ill our sole delight and out of good still find means of evil.'; This shows us that Satan tempts us to do evil actions and like it, and how most of us get pleasure or amusement out of it. Milton also writes that Satan with 'the force of subterranean wind transport a dill torn from Pelorus, or the shattered side of thundering Etna, whose combustible…aid the winds, and leave a singed bottom all involved with stench and smoke.'; Satan's actions are executed for one main purpose, and that is the rebellion he took on God. That came from his jealously and envy of mankind. Untill Satan wins his battle he will not stop making mankind attracted to evil.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Satan also led people to do evil through his words. He talked to Eve to eat the apple. He replied Beelzebub and said, 'out of out evil seek to bring forth good, our labor must be pervert that end, and out of good still to find means of evil.'; Satan telld mankind to do evil things just like God who tells us not to. Some choose to do bad and some good.

Social Work, Poverty & Homeless

Poverty and Homeless March 20, 2012 Poverty and Homeless Poverty Poverty can be defined in several ways and can mean different things to people of different societies. Absolute poverty is to have inadequate funds to provide a minimum standard of living for oneself or one’s family. Relative poverty is defined as doing worse off financially than the average person in a given society. Persons living in relative poverty may have no car, no television, and no toys for their children but have enough money for clothing, food and shelter.Relative to the average Americans, they are living poorly. A person or family living in absolute poverty, on the other hand, may not have enough money to pay for the rent or groceries for the month. These different ways of defining poverty are debated by government officials and researchers. How poverty is defined is integral to the task of reducing its prevalence in society. Statistics With 18. 2% (U. S. Census, 2006-2008) of people in the United Sta tes are living below the poverty level, it is increasingly important that the government should take measures regarding this context.Poverty thresholds or income levels is dependent on the number of family members. Poverty in United States of America is unique in nature with 13-17% Americans live below the poverty line in America. Although extreme poverty is virtually nonexistent in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, national measures indicate the presence of economic deprivation. For example, in the United States in 2006, 38. 8 million people, or 13. 3% of the population, fell below the federal poverty line (Fields, 2000).In the United States, the poverty threshold was established in 1965 based on the cost of food, taking into account household size and composition but making no adjustment for regional differences in cost of living. The threshold is adjusted annually for inflation. For example, in 2007, the federal poverty threshold for a fa mily of three, with one adult and two children, was $16,705—far above the extreme world poverty measure but well below the national average income (Filmer, 2001). Geographic LocaleOf the people living below the poverty level in the United States, 44% live in rural areas, and approximately 56% live in urban/suburban locales. Many of the contemporary stories depict characters in urban and suburban settings where people are living on the streets, in shelters, in their cars, or in apartments and homes. Race/Ethnicity An analysis of the portrayal of race is very complicated. In the United States Census Bureau (2006-2008) shows that there is more White people living in poverty in the United States than any other racial group.However, if one looks at the percentage of people living below the poverty line within racial groups, the statistics For instance, of the total number of poor people living in the United States, 46. 06% are White; however, of all of the White people living in t he United States, only 9. 2% are poor. Also, while only 1. 5% of the poor people living in the United States are Native Americans, within that population, 25. 3% are living in poverty. In other words, one out of 10 White people live in poverty versus one out of four Native Americans living in poverty (Hanushek, 2007).Negative Effects of Poverty 1. Increasing the debt and loans to meet individual consumer needs and necessities instead of working on plans for Renaissance and the construction and reconstruction. 2. Peoples' economic dependence of countries and peoples of the donor loans and debt, and the consequent negative impact in all aspects and sides. 3. Increase the exploitation and monopoly, and thus increase the poor poorer and the rich richer, because the poor because of their strong need to be unable to compete are subject to the conditions. . Poor often cannot because of lack of money to have on the use of modern technology and modern techniques. 5. Poor often are busy filli ng his hunger for knowledge and culture; there remains sufficient time for learning and culture. 6. Illiteracy, ignorance and backwardness as stated above. 7. Increasing the rate of mortality, where the link between all the experts most of the diseases of poverty, and thus the death of many people have mentioned the impact of hunger in the death of children (Levin, 2004). Root-Cause of PovertyPoverty is a big subject and an area of policy which affects every part of the USA. It is not much known about but impossible to hide. The poor suffer it, the middle class and the rich pay taxes to relieve it but at the same time they have always sought measures to contain and neutralize the poor. Multiple factors operating at various interconnected scales cause poverty. Globally, uneven trade and capital flows lead to poverty through exclusion from the benefits of economic growth. Access to water and natural resources, transportation, and climate also shape physical abilities and economic oppo rtunities.International and national policies influence poverty directly, through aid, subsidies, and antipoverty programs, and indirectly, through economic policies that affect the allocation of resources between people, regions, and industries. While some argue that individual characteristics such as education and the work ethic are paramount in explaining poverty, others insist that social and economic structures define capabilities based on gender, class, caste, race, religion, and other forces. Women are often denied access to education, paid employment, health care, financial resources, and political participation because of their gender.While these socially embedded practices deprive women of economic opportunities and basic freedoms, they also contribute to poverty indirectly through fertility and child care (Psacharopoulos, 2004). In the United States, the rise of â€Å"working poverty† has been linked to economic restructuring and the decline of the welfare state. T he role of these factors varies from place to place and underscores the importance of geography in understanding poverty. Poverty has increased recently in Western Asia and remains fairly constant in Latin America. References Fields, G. (2000). Distribution and development: a new look at the developing world.Cambridge & London: MIT Press. Filmer, D. , & Pritchett, L. (2001). Estimating wealth effects without expenditure data – or tears: an application to educational enrollments in states of India. Demography, 38(1). Hanushek, E. A. , & Wo? mann, L. (2007). The role of school improvement in economic development. NBER Working Paper 12832. Cambridge, Mass. : National Bureau of Economic Research. Psacharopoulos, G. , & Patrinos, H. (2004). Returns to investment in education: a further update. Education Economics, 12(2), Levin, B. (2004). Poverty and inner-city education. Horizons, 7(2),

The Problem of Obesity in Our Schools

The Problem of Obesity in Our Schools Abstract Childhood obesity is a serious social problem that we face. We are responsible for teaching our children acceptable behaviors to interact with the world as well as to direct their own lives. When we do not teach our children the appropriate skills, they are unable to make healthy, safe choices for themselves. The key to combating this social issues lies in teaching our children at an early age the importance of good eating habits, then following that message up with our actions by showing them what good habits are and practicing them.According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), there has been a dramatic increase in obesity in the United States in the past 20 years. â€Å"In 2008, only one state (Colorado) had a prevalence of obesity less than 20%. Thirty-two states had a prevalence equal to or greater than 25%; six of these states (Alabama, Mississippi, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, and West Virginia ) had a prevalence of o besity equal to or greater than 30%. † 1 This alarming trend only proves to emphasize that American are not addressing the issues needed to combat this problem.Nutrition habits are learned and practiced when we are young. Think back to when you were a kid. There were certain foods that were always around the house for you to snack on. Were these foods fresh vegetables and fruits, or were they cookies and potato chips? Did your family have a lot of pizza and TV dinners or did they have meals that your mother prepared from scratch? At least 25% of American teens are overweight or obese. 2 25%! That is an incredible number of kids.Overweight and obesity are also common in groups with low incomes. Women with low incomes are about 50 percent more likely to be obese than women with higher incomes. Among children and teens, overweight in non-Hispanic White teens is related to a lower family income. Low-income families also buy more high-calorie, high-fat foods, which may add to the p roblem. This is because they tend to cost less than more healthful foods such as fruits and vegetables. Instead of eating lean ground beef, they eat the 25% lean because it cost less. Biscuits and gravy are relatively cheap to make if you use the drippings from the hamburger for the basis of the gravy and use lard in the biscuits because it, too, is cheaper than margarine or butter. Physical activity is not as common these days as it was before. For example, almost every summer night as kids we would go outside after supper and play games with the neighborhood kids. We played and ran until our mothers called us in for bed.Now, however, families have to worry about their children’s safety so they don’t let them go outside alone or the children would prefer to stay in the house and play computer or video games. It is not surprising, then that children and teens are overweight and obese. Perhaps it is the times that we live in that has the greatest influence on us and our children. We need to take the time to recognize this difference from when we were kids and make a concerted effort to help our children learn good eating and exercise habits.References 1. Who Is At Risk for Overweight and Obesity? ; US Department of Health and Human Resources; retrieved from http://www. nhlbi. nih. gov/health/dci/Diseases/obe/obe_whoisatrisk. html[->0] ; August 3, 2009 2. Let Them Eat Fat: The Heavy Truths About American Obesity; Critser, G. : Crossroads, Readings in Social Problems; Tiemann, K. (Ed); Pearson Custom Publishing, 501 Boylston St. , Suite 90, Boston, MA 02116 [->0] – http://www. nhlbi. nih. gov/health/dci/Diseases/obe/obe_whoisatrisk. html

Visas J-1 para prcticas profesionales en USA

Visas J-1 para prcticas profesionales en USA Si ests estudiando una carrera universitaria fuera de Estados Unidos o  finalizaste hace menos de un aà ±o puedes sacar una visa J-1 para prcticas profesionales.   Categorà ­as para las que es posible aplicar para una visa J-1 para prcticas profesionales No se puede realizar una pasantà ­a en cualquier tipo de especializacià ³n. Tus estudios tienen que estar comprendidos en uno de los siguientes campos: Administracià ³n Pà ºblicaAgricultura, Pesca y ForestalArquitecturaArte y CulturaBibliotecasCienciasCiencias SocialesComercioComunicaciones y PeriodismoConstruccià ³nDerechoEducacià ³nFinanzasIndustriaIngenierà ­aMatemticasNegocios Salud y todos los campos relacionados con la misma. En el caso de medicina se puede, adems, utilizar una visa de intercambio para hacer la especializacià ³n en USA.Servicios Sociales Encontrar patrocinador Antes de aplicar por la visa en un consulado americano, hay que encontrar un patrocinador. Es decir, una empresa en la que se van a realizar las prcticas. No todas las empresas estn autorizadas para patrocinar a extranjeros para realizar prcticas profesionales. Sino que sà ³lo unas pocas. Y estn incluidas expresamente en un listado que publica anualmente el Departamento de Estados (puedes ver el enlace en el à ºltimo prrafo de este artà ­culo). Vers que el listado incluye multitud de organizaciones. Tienes que ir analizando una por una cul patrocina especà ­ficamente pasantà ­as, ya que en la lista tambià ©n estn las que ofrecen otros patrocinios tambià ©n amparados por la visa J-1 pero que son vlidas para otros perfiles, como mà ©dicos, estudiantes en prcticas de verano o au-pairs. Lo ms prctico es que donde pone Program en letra negrita presiones la flecha y busques entre todo el menà º la opcià ³n intern.  Ã‚  Una vez que encuentres varias que se ajusten a lo que buscas, debes aplicar. Ellas decidirn si te patrocinan y si lo hacen te enviarn un documento DS-2019 e incluirn informacià ³n sobre ti en el sistema conocido como SEVIS. Solicitar la visa de intercambio J-1 Sà ³lo una vez que tienes en tus manos el DS-2019 puedes solicitar el visado en el consulado o embajada que te corresponda, segà ºn tu lugar de residencia. Esta es una visa no inmigrante. Tienes que tener claro que para que te la aprueben no basta con haber encontrado el patrocinador. Adems, el oficial consular que tramite tu caso tiene que quedar convencido de que no tienes intencià ³n de quedarte en Estados Unidos, de que tienes lazos econà ³micos y familiares fuertes en tu paà ­s de origen. Adems, como ocurre con el resto de los visados no inmigrante, no puede haber nada que te convierta en inelegible o inadmisible para ingresar a Estados Unidos. Como por ejemplo, haber cometido ciertos delitos, haber estado ilegalmente en el paà ­s con anterioridad o no tener recursos suficientes. A tener en cuenta Si has finalizado ya tus estudios universitarios no puede transcurrir ms de doce meses desde el momento en que los acabaste y el de comienzo el programa de prcticas profesionales. Una vez que se finaliza la visa, ests obligado a salir de Estados Unidos por un periodo de dos aà ±os en la mayorà ­a de los casos. Esto no quiere decir que no puedas visitar el paà ­s como turista, que sà ­ que puedes. Pero no puedes beneficiarte de visas de trabajo o de peticiones para la residencia permanente realizadas por un familiar. Es cierto que existen excepciones conocidas como waiver, pero son eso: excepciones. Obviamente, el nivel de inglà ©s es muy importante. Hablarlo y escribirlo fluidamente y poder demostrar los conocimientos con exmenes tipo TOEFL sin duda ayuda a conseguir las prcticas profesionales. Si el programa finaliza en el plazo previsto, tienes 30 dà ­as para salir de Estados Unidos.   Informacià ³n fundamental Enlace para encontrar un patrocinador de la visa J-1  para el programa de prcticas profesionales en la pgina oficial del Departamento de Estado. Pueden solicitarte una acreditacià ³n de tus creedenciales acadà ©micos que tiene que ser realizado por una institucià ³n aprobada por el patrocinador de la visa. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

A look at activities that are beneficial in coping with cerebral palsy

A look at activities that are beneficial in coping with cerebral palsy Abstract Many individuals are born or struggle with some birth abnormalities. In this paper, cerebral palsy will be discussed. Cerebral palsy is a condition that damages the brain, classifying CP as an intellectual disability. This paper will discuss how CP affects a persons cognition and in that, affecting the way they communicate. An activity on communication management will be described using Cole’s 7 steps to breakdown how teens with CP will benefit from the activity. Occupational therapist play key roles in these types of interventions because they help individuals express and communicate emotions effectively and properly. Also, Allen’s Cognitive Disabilities frame of reference will be discussed providing reasoning supporting the activity chosen. Introduction: Group of 6 patients will walk into the room and sit down on chairs arranged in a circle. I will briefly introduce myself and say my name and my current mood. Then I will have the patients introduce themselves by stating their name and saying how they are currently feeling using a facial expression or gesture. Afterwards, I will conduct a small icebreaker that will allow patients to feel more comfortable about formulating conversation with others. I will have patients turn to the group member sitting next to them and start building a Jenga puzzle. Each Jenga wood block will contain a question both group members will have to answer about themselves. Each member will answer 3 questions and build the blocks. I will be walking around listening in and assisting the group members in answering the questions properly. After the time is up, I will introduce the next part of the activity, which is the Bingo Communication Card titles â€Å"Clever Communication Bingo†. I will then tell the patients to remain seated next to that group member because that will be their partner for the activity. Then I will give one Bingo Communication card to each group member and have him or her turn their chairs to face each other. Activity: I will begin by explaining the activity to the groups. So I will say, â€Å"okay everyone all eyes on me, this activity is a just like a game of bingo, for those of you that might not know what bingo is, bingo is a game where a coordinator calls out numbers randomly and the players mark off 5 numbers in a straight, horizontal or diagonal line, whoever is the first to match up the 5 numbers in a line wins! Now this time it’s a bit different, it’s the same idea but now under each number there will be a different form of communication, so some forms of communication you’ll find on the bingo card will be â€Å"tell your partner you appreciate them using 3 words† or â€Å" create a 5step hand shake† or â€Å" introduce yourself to peers using 2 sentences†. After I finish explaining how the game works, I will tell the patients that this isn’t a competition, everyone will be matching 5 numbers in a line, and that at the end each gr oup will receive a bingo completion award for effective communication skills. After that, I will begin to call out numbers and the patients will listen and check off with a marker the number called. Every time they check off a number they will have to communicate or express what is under the number checked off. I will give the patients time to perform what is under is each number and assist them if they get stuck in a thought or don’t know how to communicate something. After three numbers called I will congratulate each group for effectively communicating with each other despite constant assistance and let them know the activity is about to be over. Once every team completes a set of 5, they will receive the completion award. Sharing: After completing this activity the group members will sit back in a circle and share some thoughts about the activity. I will ask them to hold up their bingo card and point out which communication form was most difficult. Processing: I will ask the group 3 questions about the activity. I will ask each member how he or she felt about this activity and to give me an overall feeling about it so I’d ask, â€Å" how did you feel about this communication activity?† â€Å"Do you think this was a good way of trying out different ways of communication?† â€Å"Do you think this can help you in the outside world?†. After getting their feedback I will be able to see if the patients improved their communication management skills from the time they started the session till when they finished. Generalizing: After getting an overall feel of how the group felt, I will analyze the responses and seeing what drove the energy of the group. What were the difference and similarities in answers within group members. Open-ended questions will be most appropriate in this stage. Application: In this step I will give some short examples of everyday life scenarios in which these different communication skills will be applied. I will tell the patients how some of the communication techniques will be appropriate to use with different people like family members, friends and teachers. Summary: I will end the session by stating the most important aspects of this activity. I will refocus the patients and make sure they understood and learned some techniques for communication management with others. I will also encourage patients to try and implement the skills learned today in their everyday lives. I will make sure that they leave the session knowing that the skills learned and practiced today will be useful to them for the rest of their lives. Time and Place: Patients will be meeting in a spacious room at Keiser University with several windows that have a sky view. The room will be around 74 degrees making it nice and cool for proper concentration. I will assure that lights aren’t too dimmed nor too bright. All the materials will already be set up for patients ready for when they arrive. There will be tables’ spread out to assure enough space for activity and chairs made into a circle. And lastly, room won’t be overly decorated, this will help patents stay focused on task and not wonder around with their eyes.

Serious Thinking Impacts and Reactive Decision Making Dissertation

Serious Thinking Impacts and Reactive Decision Making - Dissertation Example Consequently, ways of decision making that permit a restricted variety of option are pleasing. For this cause, workers who activate in this way appear to be preferred above those who do not. The unconsidered environment of defense has formed UK Defence Ministry workers who lean, or necessitate, observing problems in one measurement. Problem-adjusted defense needs workers to inspect problems cautiously, to disconnect problems into their detached elements. Most significantly, it obligates workers to dedicate time to effect a problem throughout so as to accumulate time by eradicating or decreasing prospect occasions. Once showing serious thoughts, one leans to discern the confusing forces which formed the observed phenomenon. In other words, the numerous extents of problems are observed. This might slow down the hustle of decision making. The procedure of Toyota problem solving could get an extended time. Known that every phase based upon the previous phases, it must be obvious that by using moderately more attempt on the former phases, time and money must be accumulated on the afterward stages. Regrettably, tiring executives frequently use too modest attempt on the problem searching and formulation phases in their normally creditable but frequently mistaken conviction in the advantages of operating rapidly and determinedly. For instance, the answer to a plunge in sales may give up the decision to expand a complicated reward system for the sales strength (www.highbeam.com). The genuine problem may be reasoned by the deprived pricing strategy or by governmental problems which create extreme hindrances in satisfying a command. There are five main phases in the Toyota problem-solving procedure: Searching the Problem Devising the Problem Creating the Choice of the Solution Execution of the Solution Audit and Review of Results of the Execution Toyota problem-solving starts with the procedure of searching the problem. This is the hardest stage since things are frequentl y not what they appear. What one observes as a problem based on what notions one has about organizations. Indications could both illumine and facade fundamental Toyota problems (Liker and Meier 2005). Searching the problem is a detective match in which the serious evidence is occasionally obvious and other times slight and instinctive, appearing only after an extended procedure of investigation and abolition (Hargadon 2009). Toyota problems, formerly originated, are usually obvious and patently obvious other than they do not come into views so at the commencement. What one wishes to evade is named a Type III mistake; the fault of functioning on the incorrect problem. There are normally a lot of problems excluding which are actually serious? The second stage is formulating the problem. This is hard because it forever engages standards which require be coming out and commerce with so as to create a collective thinking about what is happening and how to progress. Organizations have a l ot of stakeholders with diverse targets and standards. For instance, stockholders search for better surplus and profits. The administration needs control, wealth, and augmented enlargement (Gatignon; Tushman; Smith & Anderson 2002). The workers command more protection, pay, and health advantages.